This LED drive circuit is provided with: a first terminal to which one end side of a switch device current path is connected; a second terminal to which the other end side of the switch device current path is connected, wherein the switch device and a battery are connected in series between the first terminal and said second terminal; a detection circuit that periodically detects a current flowing in the first terminal and outputs, from a first node, a detection signal corresponding to a detection result; a comparison circuit that compares a detected voltage, which corresponds to the detection signal, and a threshold voltage, and outputs a comparison result signal corresponding to a comparison result; and a control circuit that controls the current detection operation of the detection circuit and controls the driving of an LED lamp on the basis of the comparison result signal.

A controller (10) of a working machine is provided with: a main board (20) having a main control unit (21) running on a built-in operating system for a working machine; and a PC board (30) having a PC control unit (31) running on an operating system for a PC. The main board (20) is provided with: a first activating unit which activates the main control unit (21) when an activation signal activating the controller (10) has been input; and an activation instructing unit (212) which outputs an activation instruction signal to the PC board (30) after the main control unit (21) has been activated. The PC board (30) is provided with: a network terminal (C33); a network controller (33) which outputs an activation signal to the main board (20) when a special signal instructing an activation has been input; and a second activating unit which activates the PC control unit (31) when the activation instruction signal from the activation instructing unit (212) of the main board (20) has been input.

A method for producing sugars from lignocellulosic biomass is provided. Lignocellulosic biomass is composed of lignocellulosic fibers which are hollow and primarily contain cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. Lignin is concentrated in the outer fiber wall and glues the fibers into bundles, but the inner fiber wall has a much lower concentration of lignin and has more easily accessible cellulose and hemicellulose. This method uses vacuum infusion to infuse homogeneous reagents into the lumen (hollow center) of lignocellulosic fibers to hydrolyze the hemicellulose and cellulose to produce sugars and oligomers, and then uses cycles of vacuum pressure to pump these homogeneous reagents and sugars and oligomers into and out of the lumen. Some types of reagents are dilute acids, cellulase enzymes, hemicellulase enzymes, Fenton or Fenton-like reagents, and hydrogen peroxide. These reagents are homogenized by mixing the reagents with process water using turbulent mixing to produce a homogeneous reagent.

[Problem] To be able to automatically clean an object to be cleaned using highly effective electrolyzed water by reducing the neutralization reaction that occurs during mixing when the generated gas is mixed with the electrolyzed water. [Solution] This automatic cleaning apparatus (1) comprises: an electrolyzed water-generating unit (8) for generating electrolyzed water by electrolyzing raw water to which an electrolyte has been added; a bubble-generating unit (9) for generating bubbling electrolyzed water by forcing the electrolyzed water to comprise microbubbles using the gas generated in the electrolyzed water-generating unit (8); a cleaning unit (4) for cleaning the object to be cleaned by spraying the bubbling electrolyzed water thereon; and a control unit (2) for controlling the spray timing and spray volume of the bubbling electrolyzed water.

Implementations of the present disclosure relate to systems, methods, and apparatus for connecting one or more wall modules to structural components of a building. At least one implementation includes connections that can allow the wall module to couple to a structural wall. For instance, the wall module can extend away from an end of the structural wall. In particular, the wall module can have a frame that connects to the structural wall on at least one side face and one or more panels that connect to the frame to at least partially conceal the structural wall and the frame from a first vantage point. Accordingly, the structural wall together with one or more wall modules can divide the floor space of a building into one or more individual spaces.

An optical fibre connection head (100), comprising: an optical cable (110); an inner sleeve element (140) which is provided with a cavity therein; a fibre extending from the optical cable (110) being housed in the cavity, with one end of the inner sleeve element (140) being fixed to the optical cable (110), and the other end thereof being provided with a sleeve (180); and an outer sleeve element (130), with the outer sleeve element (130) being provided at the outer side of the inner sleeve element (140), wherein at least a portion of the sleeve (180) of the inner sleeve element (140) protrudes from the outer sleeve element (130), and an opening is provided at the tail end of the sleeve (180) which protrudes from the outer sleeve element (130) so as to enable a tail end cross section of the sleeve (180) to be C-shaped. With the above technical solutions, the optical fibre connector provided in the embodiments of the present invention realizes the blind plugging of the above-mentioned fibre connection heads by seamlessly connecting a sleeve with a C-shaped opening in the optical fibre connection head to a C-shaped plugging slot of the optical fibre adaptor, and is easier in operation, thus the optical fibre connector can achieve the goal of plug-and-play.

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) can be used for modeling environment characteristics and for controlling instrumentation in sensitive environments, such as in an office building, datacenter, hospital, enclosed arena, airport, or other environment. In an example, power consumption characteristics from physical equipment assets in an environment can be used by a CFD circuit to improve accuracy of a CFD model. Information from a CFD model can be used to optimize efficiency of HVAC or other air-moving systems serving an environment. In an example, CFD analyses can be performed substantially in real-time when one or more inputs to a CFD model change, relative to a baseline value, by more than a specified threshold amount. An energy efficient and cost efficient response to a change in infrastructure of an environment can be identified based on a CFD model of the environment.

A metal pallet (10) has a deck (12), a base (14) and a plurality of beams (16) therebetween. The deck (12), the base (14) and the beams (16) may be formed from lightweight sheet metal. The metal sheets are folded into the desired shape to respectively form the beams (16), and panels (18, 22) and slats (20, 32) for the deck (12) and the base (14). The panels (18, 22) and the slats (20, 32) are corrugated and the opposed side edges thereof may be folded upon themselves to provide for robust multi-ply edge constructions. Different types of corrugations may be provided over the panels (18, 22) and the slats (20, 32) to locally reinforce the pallet (10). The bottom portion of the beams (16) may be plastically deformed to create arched opening (58) to permit side entry of pallet handling equipment. The plastically deformed regions (60) of the beams (16) may be configured to improve the mechanical properties of the beam while providing maximal clearance for pallet handling equipment.

The invention relates to a detecting element (200) used for detecting leaks of electrically nonconductive liquid, in particular of hydrocarbons, as well as a detection cable (500) and a detection system (590-790) using such a detecting element. The detecting element (200) includes a detection member (114) made of a material, such as silicone, which inflates upon contact with said liquid and which is loaded with electrically conductive particles, such as to be conductive when not contaminated by said liquid, and such as to lose the conductivity thereof when inflating from contact with said liquid. Said detection member (114) is electrically connected to an electronic management module (210), which is arranged for detecting the presence of said liquid by noticing a decrease in the conductivity of said detection member, typically by means of an ohmic measurement. In a preferred embodiment, the detection cable includes four insulated conductive wires, one of which is embedded in the detection member (114) which is itself protected by an inflatable casing (116), which is also insulating and water-proof. Said four conductive wires (106, 110, 424, 424) are twisted around a fifth insulated conductive wire, the whole being surrounded by a perforated extruded sheath (116).

Provided is a single optical fibre coupled multi-wavelength light transceiving module, comprising an optical fibre insertion core, a circulator assembly, a combiner/splitter assembly, a light transmitting assembly and a light receiving assembly, wherein the circulator assembly comprises three ports, and the light transceiving module comprises a light receiving portion and a light transmitting portion, wherein light beams of the light receiving portion are incident to the first port of the circulator assembly from the optical fibre insertion core, are output to the combiner/splitter assembly via the second port of the circulator assembly, and are received by the light receiving assembly after being split by the combiner/splitter assembly; and light beams of the light transmitting portion are incident to the combiner/splitter assembly from the light transmitting assembly, are incident to the third port of the circulator assembly after the photosynthetic function of the combiner/splitter assembly, are emitted out from the first port of the circulator assembly, and then are incident to the optical fibre insertion core, thereby solving the problem that an existing light transceiving module has a fibre winding hazard, and meeting the requirements for device miniaturization.