A method of bonding two components by depositing an amorphous and non-hydrogenated intermediate layer (2) on one of the components (1,4) and arranging the components (1,4) in spaced relationship with the intermediate layer (2) therebetween. The method further comprises heating one or both of the components (1,4) before bringing the components (1,4) into contact. Finally, a voltage is applied to the components (1,4) to create a permanent bond between the two components.

A metal diaphragm valve used for a semiconductor manufacturing device allowing a large amount of flow to pass therein in spite of a compact size by reducing a fluid resistance of a flow passage ranging from a valve chamber to an outflow passage through an inflow passage in a valve body, comprising the body (2) having the inflow passage (6), the valve chamber (8), and the outflow passage (7), a metal diaphragm (3), a drive means (4), and an annular groove (5), characterized in that the diameter (D) of the outflow passage (6) is made larger than the groove width (W) of the annular groove (5), and the effective sectional area of the crossing portion of the annular groove (5) with the outflow passage (6) is made larger than the cross-sectional area of the outflow passage (6).

A wet method for treating a petroleum-originated combustion ash which comprises a step of preparing a combustion ash slurry, a metal oxidation step of preparing a slurry containing ammonium m-vanadate, a solid-liquid separation step of removing solids from a slurry containing ammonium m-vanadate, an ammonium sulfate double decomposition step of adding a magnesium compound to an ammonium sulfate solution recovered from the solid-liquid separation step and an ammonia recovery step of recovering ammonia from a double decomposition solution recovered from the double decomposition step, wherein the metal oxidation step is carried out at a reaction temperature of 50˚C or lower and at a concentration of ammonium sulfate in the solution of 20 to 45 wt %, and the solid-liquid separation step is carried out at a slurry temperature of 40˚C or lower by using a specific solid-liquid separation apparatus. The above wet treatment method is suitably used in particular when a relatively small amount of combustion ash is treated or when the combustion ash has a low content of carbon and a high content of vanadium, and thus is an industrially advantageous method which allows the recovery of vanadium with ease and with a simple process.

A display comprising organic electroluminescence elements (10R, 10G, 10B) arranged on a driving substrate (11) in which a drive panel (10) for picking up light from the electroluminescence elements (10R, 10G, 10B) side can be pasted easily to a seal panel (20) provided with a color filter (22) on a sealing substrate (21). The drive panel (10) and the seal panel (20) are disposed oppositely and pasted entirely by an adhesive layer (30). The adhesive layer (30) is hardened at least thermally and hardening is started by coating with only one liquid or more than one liquid. A temporary fixing part (30A) is formed at the circumferential edge part of the adhesive layer (30). The temporary fixing part (30A) is composed of UV-curing resin, for example, and formed across the seal panel (20) and the drive panel (10) thus matching the relative position thereof.

A method for manufacturing a pet model for the training of trimming which has a body formed through pouring a molten synthetic resin into a mold and body hairs planted on the body, wherein the body is comprised of a head and a trunk containing 4 legs, characterized in that it comprises a step of pouring the molten synthetic resin into a mold to carry out forming, a step of stuffing the inside of the body with chaffs of grain to fix a shape of the body, a step of planting the body hairs on the body with a hook, injecting an adhesive viscous material comprising a glue-like resin or the like into the inside of the body, and a step of assembling and joining the head and the trunk, and in that the body hairs above planted are firmly adhered to the body in the inside of the body and the above glue-like viscous material expands and then coagulate to thereby form the structure of the body, resulting in the formation of a pet model having the same shape as that of the mold.

An inductance device includes terminals (9) which are mounted to the inductance device from outside of a ring core (7). A fit-section (12) of one of each terminal (9) is bent along an outer wall (14), an upper face (15) of a groove (19), and an inner wall (13) of the ring core (7). A mount-section (11) of one of each terminal (9) extends from vicinity of an outer perimeter of the ring core (7) toward inside of a drum core (4) along a lower brim (3). When a shock is applied to the drum core (4) or the ring core (7), this structure prevents the drum core (4) and the ring core (7) from falling away from a board, where they have been mounted, leaving vicinity of the fit-section (12) of the terminal (9) on the board. This structure thus improves shock-proofness of the inductance device.

A downhole electrical power system comprising an electrical power-consuming well tool (14) interconnected in a tubular string, and a power source (12), providing the well tool (14) with electrical power, the power source (12) including at least one voltaic cell (32, 34) having an anode (36) and a cathode (38), each of the anode and the cathode being exposed to an electrolyte (40).

A charging apparatus (10) includes a transmission/reception control block (42) and a charging block (44). The transmission/reception control block (42) receives a content purchase request from a mobile communication terminal (16) as a present origin to purchase a specific content stored in a content server apparatus (24) and to transmit (to present) it to a mobile communication terminal (18). Moreover, the transmission/reception control block (42) transmits to the content server apparatus (24) a content transmission instruction as an instruction to transmit the aforementioned specific content to the mobile communication terminal (18). When the aforementioned specific content is transmitted from the content server apparatus (24) to the mobile communication terminal (18) in accordance with the aforementioned content transmission instruction, the charging block (44) performs charging processing for the content to the mobile communication terminal (16) which is the content present origin.

A photosensor system performs a sensitivity-adjusting reading operation with respect to a subject image, while simultaneously changing the image reading sensitivity stepwise for each of rows of a photosensor array or for specific rows thereof. The dynamic ranges of the lightness data on the read subject image are checked to see how they are distributed in relation to the image reading sensitivities. On the basis of this distribution, an image reading sensitivity that contributes to an optimal image reading state is extracted as an optimal image reading sensitivity.

Chemical mechanical polishing systems and methods are disclosed. The system includes a polishing pad (304) that is configured to move from a first point to a second point. A carrier (308) is also included and is configured to hold a substrate (301) to be polished over the polishing pad. The carrier is designed to apply the substrate to the polishing pad in a polish location that is between the first point and the second point. A first sensor (310a) is located at the first point and oriented so as to sense an IN temperature of the polishing pad, and a second sensor (310b) is located at the second point and oriented so as to sense an OUT temperature of the polishing pad. The sensing of the IN and OUT temperatures is configured to produce a temperature differential that allows monitoring the process state and the state of the water surface for purposes of switching the process steps while processing wafers by chemical mechanical planarization.