A method to produce hydrazide from triacylglycerol, the method includes steps of mixing vegetable oil with an organic solvent in a reactor forming a mixture, adding hydrazinemonohydrate into the mixture, stirring the mixture, adding catalyst, stirring the mixture to form hydrazide and separating the hydrazide from the mixture. Most illustrative drawing:

The present invention provides a Vitleo-on-tlemand (VOD) operation system comprising a Movie Server for providing unicast VOD streams; a network for receiving and re-lransmilting the unicast VOD streams from the MS; and a Base Station (BS) for auto-grouping multiple unicast VOD streams into multicast with optimized spectrum bandwidth usage.

The present invention relates to a process for extracting minor components in palm oil. The minor components are known as phytonutrients. The minor components are such as carotenes, tocols, tocopherols and tocotrienols, sterols, squalene, coenzyme Q, phospholipids and glycolipids. The process for extracting includes the steps of: i) mixing the palm oil with alcohol and catalyst, (ii) heating the mixture obtained from step (i) using microwave with frequencies between 200MHz to 300GHz; (iii) cooling the mixture 10 obtained from step (ii) to room temperature; (iv) adding non-polar solvent into the mixture obtained from step (iii) and the mixture is agitated wherein a top layer and bottom layer are formed; (v) subjecting the bottom layer to agitation with non-polar solvent; (vi) repeating step (v) on the bottom layer formed in step (v) and subsequent bottom layers that are formed by adding non-polar solvent and followed by agitation until the upper layer turns pale yellow in color; (vii) drying the upper layers obtained from step (iv), (v) and (vi).

The present invention discloses a system which consists of 4 pairs of primers that specifically detect Salmonella spp., S. Typhi and S. Paratyphi A with an internal control. The system, when applied in polymerase chain reaction (PCR) under specific conditions, reaction mixture and cycling temperatures produce four bands 784bp, 496bp, 332bp and 187bp. The DNA band 784bp is present in all Salmonella spp., while the bands of 496bp and 332bp are only present in S. Paratyphi A and S. Typhi respectively. An internal amplification control as indicated by the 187bp should be present in all the tests.

The present invention relates to a method for producing a biopolymer, comprising the steps of providing a culture medium comprising a carbon source, a nitrogen source, and a plurality of mineral sources; inoculating the culture medium with a Aspergillus flavus with an inoculum size in a range of 0.2 to 10 % by volume; incubating the culture medium; filtering the culture medium, thereby separating the Aspergillus flavus and the biopolymer; purifying the biopolymer; wherein the carbon source to nitrogen source is in a molar ratio of 5:1, p H of the culture medium is 5 to 9, the temperature is 25 to 40 °C, inoculum size is 0.2 to 2 % by volume, shaking speed is 50 to 200 rpm, and culture time is 12 to 60 hours. A biopolymer produced having a molecular weight in a range of 2.466x104 to 2.68x104 Dalton, a plurality of functional groups, a plurality of chemical elements, a sugar, a protein, a minimum flocculating efficiency of 90 % in a p H range of 3 to 7 and a temperature range of 10 to 100 °C.

The present invention relates to a processing unit and, more particularly, to a dark count elimination method applied to a quantum random signal refinement. One of the advantages of the processing unit of the present invention is capable for dark count elimination for dark counts which are not consistent and same shape. Another advantage of the present invention is that it is a Register Transfer Level (RTL) hardware based to detect and eliminate photon dark count signals.

The present invention relates generally to a system to deploy quality of transmission and a method thereof. The system includes a module (10) translating at least one multicast packet to at least one Media Access Control (MAC) packet. The system further includes queuing and scheduling the at least one MAC packet based on user assigned ratio of importance. The user assigned ratio of importance may be based on multicast address, source address or MAC address or any combination thereof.

A microfluidic device (10) comprises a pumping unit having a pump chamber (15) includes an upper wall (15a), a bottom wall (15b), a first curved sidewall (15c) having at least two inlets (30a) and a second curved sidewall (15d) having at least two outlets (30b), wherein the first curved sidewall (15c) and the second curved sidewall (15d) are placed in an opposing manner; at least two inflow fluid channels (20a) connected to said at least two inlets (30a) of the pump chamber (15) for introduction of fluids into the chamber (15); at least two outflow fluid channels (20b) connected to said at least two outlets (30b) of the pump chamber (15) for withdrawal of fluid from the chamber (15); a plurality of mixer structures (25) provided within the cavity of the pump chamber (15) for homogenization of fluids; and a pair of electrostatic-driven membrane electrodes (35a, 35b) disposed within the chamber (15) and configured to manipulate fluid flow in the device.

The invention relates to a marker comprising a sequence as set forth in SEQ. ID 1 or a functional fragment thereof to diagnose Ganoderma disease in palm plants in particular oil palm plants. The invention also relates to a marker comprising a sequence as set forth in SEQ. ID 2 or a functional fragment thereof to diagnose Ganoderma disease in palm plants in particular oil palm plants. The invention also provides the use of one or a combination thereof of markers comprising a sequence as set forth in SEQ. ID 1 or functional fragment thereof and markers comprising a sequence as set forth in SEQ. ID 2 or functional fragment thereof to diagnose Ganoderma disease in palm plants in particular oil palm plants. The invention also provides a method of diagnosing Ganoderma disease in palm plants in particular oil palm plants wherein the method includes the steps of (a) preparing a PCR reaction mixture with selected markers for detecting Ganoderma disease and (b) running a PCR process with the mixture from step (a) with an annealing temperature between the range of 50 °C to 61 °C. The markers used is one or a combination thereof of markers comprising a sequence as set forth in SEQ. ID 1 or functional fragment thereof and markers comprising a sequence as set forth in SEQ. ID 2 or functional fragment thereof and wherein the diagnosis of a palm plant infected or has a risk of being infected by the Ganoderma disease is determined by the absence of gene of interest.

The present invention provides a multi-layered personalized page comprising a PET incsti/PU hinge layer; a PC inlay with chip antenna layer with an electric component with personal data of a holder of a passport; two PC core layers with artwork; and two PC overlay layers. The present invention also provides a passport tint contains the multi- layered personalized